Achieving perfect randomness with quantum technology
Generating unbiased random numbers is critical for high-security fields like cryptography, yet it has remained impossible using conventional methods. In our latest Nature publication, we mark a major milestone by demonstrating the first experiment capable of producing perfectly random numbers. To achieve this, the Wallraff group—with corresponding author Anatoly Kulikov—collaborated with Professor Renato Renner’s group to pair a highly optimized experimental setup with theoretical advances. By utilizing entangled superconducting qubits and a Bell test, the team successfully transformed imperfect randomness into perfect random numbers. This process, known as randomness amplification, is uniquely possible through quantum technology, overcoming the limitations of classical information processing.